Middle Colonies Clothing, Live stock, cereals, fruit, and vegetables were raised in large … The middle colonies of Pennsylvania, Delaware, and New Jersey also relied heavily on indentured servants, and in the … Thirteen Colonies > Middle Colonies Middle Colonies Background The Middle Colonies, consisting of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware, were known for their … Farming was far more suited to the Middle colonies. , The people of the Middle Colonies practiced different lifestyles of different nations. Pennsylvania was … We’ll look at the clothing of a working class common woman and a prosperous middle class woman in her Sunday or holiday best. To such an extent that they are often called the breadbasket colonies in Colonial Times because they grew so many crops, especially … Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like One who repairs or makes clothes to order. These colonies are separated … Colonial Life In America - Learn the hardships settlers faced as they learned to hunt for game and plant crops on this new soil. 3K subscribers Subscribe Other colonies were founded purely in hopes of creating new trade opportunities and profits for investors. Pennsylvania, founded by Quaker William Penn, was … There were similar scenes throughout the colonies: some people attended balls dressed in the finest silks, while others went … Middle Colonies The climate in the Middle Atlantic region is more moderate, with milder, shorter winters than in New England and a longer overall growing season from spring to fall. txt), PDF File (. Quakers wore neat and simple clothing as their religion taught them. Embroidered furnishings include bed linens, chair covers, tablecloths, and … The Middle colonies were a good mix of people from different countries that brought their own unique ideas and history to the area, people from … Travel back to a time when: All children wore dresses, even boys. Carol F. The people of the Middle Colonies were in the lumber trade or grain export. These settlers brou… Many colonists thought it important to preserve class distinctions in all areas. Discover their unique history, from early settlement to religious freedom & booming industries. The Middle colonies … The social class order in the Southern Colonies are very specific. The type of clothing represented your station of life. The process allows citizens to engage in, distribute, … This diversity made the Middle Colonies more self-sufficient than the Southern Colonies. The religions were Mennonites, Lutheran … New England & Middle Colonies While Jamestown and the Virginia colonies were developing to the south, the New England … The Middle Colonies’ variation in weather is primarily attributed to their geographic location, which includes varied elevation, proximity to bodies of water, and … Aquí nos gustaría mostrarte una descripción, pero el sitio web que estás mirando no lo permite. Men's clothing typically consisted of linen shirts, woolen breeches or … During 1776-1783 men and women wore different outfits that were very casual. Founded for a … In New England great industries and town life developed leading to the development of town houses. Discover the primary crops cultivated in the Middle Colonies, including wheat, corn, and oats. Many clothes were … Slavery in the Original Thirteen Colonies At first there was no slavery in the original thirteen colonies. The wide ri ers were easy to sail … Aquí nos gustaría mostrarte una descripción, pero el sitio web que estás mirando no lo permite. Shift: Made of linen … Thirteen Colonies > Middle Colonies > Province of Pennsylvania Province of Pennsylvania Background The Province of Pennsylvania played a pivotal role in the American Revolutionary … Step Two 20-30 minutes Divide students into 6 groups; 2- New England Colonies Region, 2- Middle Colonies Region, 2- Southern Colonies Region. This is because the climate of the middle colonies was extremely warm, allowing them to farm much easier … Middle Passage summary, facts, significance, and APUSH notes for the Triangular Trade route that crossed the Atlantic Ocean. Discover how people made a living in the Middle Colonies. As time went on (the late 1700's) the style for boys changed … The middle colonies were the most diverse due to non-English immigrants settling for religious freedom. In the Middle Colonies, men wore linen or wool shirts, overcoats and breeches, and women dressed in either linen or wool long dresses, petticoats, aprons, hooded … North America was colonized by settlers from northern and western Europe. Originally, clothing in the middle colonies for the most part resembled the Dutch form of dress. Details were emphasized greatly on clothing because … Chores, School, and Recreation In the Middle Colonies, girls and women had to cook, clean, make clothing, soap, butter, and candles, take care of children, and make cloth. The upper class, with more money, could … Kids learn about women's clothing during Colonial America including the gown, petticoats, shift, stay, shoes, ruffles, cloak, apron, mob caps, hair … Social/People: - Class Structure: The class structure of the Middle Colonies was heavily based on what type of clothing the colonists wore. New York was west of … Dive into the economy of the Middle Colonies, exploring agriculture, trade, and industry that shaped colonial prosperity and growth. Also helped prevent the spead of lice. True or False, … These loose-fitting clothes were highly suitable to the hot and stuffy Indian sub-continent and yet they were comfortable enough that those people … New England Colonies - The "village green" colonies of New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and Massachusett Middle Colonies - The cosmopolitan and tolerant "breadbasket … Do you know why the Middle Colonies were called the 'Breadbasket' colonies? To learn about their diversity and more Middle … There were many different social classes including the gentry, the middle, and the lower. But for the middle class, it … In the middle colonies, education is seen as not as important as teaching children skills that will be useful in the future. I used patterns from The Tudor Tailor and modified them. Learn about the fashions and styles of the time. Newfoundland, Quebec, … Middle Colonies - Kid Friendly Educational Social Studies Video for Elementary Students Bow Tie Guy and Wife 16. Covere dirty hair and protected it from fire. Many were exported to the Middle East, particularly to Turkey, where they were made into … New England and the Middle Colonies exported a wide range of products including iron, wheat, livestock, whale oil, fish, and rum, worth about £500,000 annually. The economy of the middle colonies mostly consisted of agriculture and fishing. Breadbasket Colonies. Virginians along with the other 12 American … Explore the geography, characteristics, and climate of the Middle Colonies. Boys and girls both wore dresses and bodices. … The middle colonies were the most diverse due to non-English immigrants settling for religious freedom. 9. The New England and Middle … middle class: they had clothes mad from cotton and linen and used dyes, also was made from household mother. This includes … In the New England colonies, where the environment is not suitable for farming, the colonists make use of lumber. This was a transatlantic trade. Because … Geography & Climate geography climate Colonial New York was located along the Atlantic Ocean in the Middle Colonies. Women wore gowns, designed jackets, redingotes,underware that came all the way up … Learn about early American clothing in the 17th and 18th century, including the fashions and styles of the time. Most colonial women were homemakers who cooked meals, made … The Middle colonies spanned the Mid-Atlantic region of America and were temperate in climate, with warm summers and cold winters. 1757 CE. The middle … Rich Farmlands When settlers came to the Middle Colonies, they were amazed by the rich- ness of the land and all of its natural resources. What kind of material did people use to make clothing in the Middle Ages, and what types of outfits did medieval people wear? Kids learn about men's clothing during Colonial America including the waistcoat, cravat, breeches, shoes, stockings, shirt, cloak, banyan, hair … New England and the Middle Colonies Main Idea In New England and the Middle Colonies, a diverse economy supported many large port cities. The climate was warmer, with a longer … Learn about life in the Middle Colonies for your AP US History exam. Dutch and German farmers were some of the people … The New England Colonies : Rhode Island, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire The Middle Colonies : Delaware, Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey The Southern Colonies: … Kids learn about the glossary and terms of colonial America including words such as blacksmith, charter, colony, cooper, meetinghouse, Quaker, Puritan, trencher, and wheelwright. The abundance of lumber in … People of the middle colonies were generally grouped into three social classes: the gentry, the rich people and best educated; the middle class, … In the Middle Ages, clothing was integral to identifying one’s place in the world. 6 A departure from Greenberg's template is required at once, … The Middle colonies consisted of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, and Delaware. Dress in … Agriculture Farming was suited to the Middle colonies, to such an extent that they are often called the "breadbasket colonies" because they grew so … Dress - Colonial America: North America was colonized by settlers from northern and western Europe. Logging, shipbuilding, … The Middle Colonies Economy The Middle Colonies had two big advantages: rich soil and deep harbors. Geography … Social Classes and Obligations There are three main social classes in the New England colonies: upper, middle, and lower. Therefore, it is not common … Because clothing brought from Europe was comparatively expensive, many colonists made homespun clothing, sometimes dyed blue using the indigo plant. Immigrants from all over Europe came to take advantage of the productive land. … Clothing Clothing was an essential part in the New England Colonies. Read on to discover colonial … The Middle Colonies of Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, and Delaware were unique in the 1600s. Most gowns had skirts that opened in front to show the petticoat worn … An illustration of European and Indigenous fur traders in North America, 1777 The North American fur trade is the historical commercial trade of furs … Cotton clothing and fabric had to be brought on special cotton ships to the Colonies before 1800 There were English ships coming and going between India and the Colonies, so Colonial … Middle Colony 1600s/1700s Clothing: Pennsylvania Learn about middle colony clothing 17th and 18th century, especially Quakers in … Womens Clothing Under Garments Cap: It was stylish and practical. This region was characterized by a diverse population, fertile … Kids learn about the jobs, trades, and occupations of colonial America including apothecary, blacksmith, cabinetmaker, cobbler, cooper, milliner, … Reeducation prisoners (Erziehungshäftlinge) were marked with the letter “E. From Historic Dress in America 1607 - 1800 by Elisabeth McClellan. Why do people think people in the middle colonies were more tolerant of other religions? why do you think people in the middle colonies were more … Clothing in Massachusetts wasn’t much different than clothing throughout the rest of the American colonies. 7), Countess of Orange-Nassau, wears a more lavish silver satin version of the contemporary dress style … Weather conditions, seasons, and the availability of resources also played significant roles in shaping daily life in the colonies. What are the major differences … Embroidered clothing ranges from simple undergarments to royal robes decorated with gold and silver threads. Colonial America was characterized by intensely detailed and heavy clothing. Also, read about the region's economic structure and profitable farming Cotton clothing & fabric had to be brought to the Colonies on specially outfitted cotton ships before 1800 There were English ships coming and … New England and the Middle Colonies. ” Police prisoners (Polizeihäftlinge) wore their civilian clothing, with no additional marking, as they awaited trial … These wealthy colonists often traded with each other and used agents to buy materials and finished clothing from England. The climate was warmer, with a longer growing season. They included the colonies of New York, New … For Kids Clothing in the New England Colonies: The Quakers and the Puritans believed that everything should be plain. Now … Clothing was an essential part in the New England Colonies. Discover styles, fabrics, and trends that defined the period. Colonial Regions The colonies are … Colonies had a diverse population. Most of us are on farms, but it's not that bad. Explore religious diversity, urban growth, and economic activity in the region. The goods that the … Learn facts about the Middle Colonies in this brief overview of the Government, Economy and founding of these significant … Learn about the economy of the Middle Colonies during the 18th century. These settlers brought with … Learn about early American clothing in the 17th and 18th century, including the fashions and styles of the time. I ntroduced in the 1670s, the mantua, accessorized with a stomacher, a lace neck frill, sleeve ruffles, or engageantes, and a wired … Microbiology_ a Human Perspective ( PDFDrive ) - Free download as PDF File (. The middle colonies were made up of 4 colonies : New York, New Jersey , Pennsylvania, and Delaware. We all have big families, so we don't need to do as much … African American slaves and bondsmen were issued clothing based on the master’s financial means and his/her willingness to … Kids learn about daily life in the city during Colonial America including jobs, trades, education, middling class, church, the enslaved, and interesting … People who lived in the Middle Colonies depended on crops from the southern colonies. While weavers were facing increasing competition, the whole system of who made clothing was also … Colonial Food went through an evolution as the population increased, different cultures came to the colonies. Colonists in the New England and Middle colonies … Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like To give variety to; vary. The father was the head of the household, and slaves rarely lived with families. Karlsen, The Devil in the Shape of a Woman: Witchcraft in Colonial New England (New York, I987), on the … The Middle Colonies were a region in colonial America that included New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware. Key Terms and Names Grand Banks, fall … While the dramatic sagas of the New England Colonies and the sprawling plantations of the Southern Colonies often dominate historical narratives, there's a vital, often … Expanding on the suggestion of Klein, Bonomi argues in an impor- tant essay, "The Middle Colonies: Embryo of a New Political Order," that for all the variation to be found within their … The Middle Colonies were a subset of the Thirteen Colonies in British America, located between the New England Colonies and the Southern … Chronicling the changing clothing norms, as well as the clothing worn by the Native Americans, this book paints a vivid picture of … We estimate that Middle Colony exports to other mainland colonies were in the range of approximately $1 to $2 per capita from the early 1700s through the end of the colonial period, … Demographics in the colonies: The New England colonies attracted Puritan settlers with families and not single indentured servants, unlike the Chesapeake colonies. Explore the culture, religion, and daily life of the Middle Colonies in this presentation. Copy of Middle Colonies Ws, Colonial Trades - Free download as Text File (. Daily life in the Middle Colonies consisted of hard work and family farms. The 13 original colonies of the colonial times were classified by their their locations - … Location of the thirteen colonies and important cities, such as Philadelphia, Boston, New York, Charleston Southern Colonies: Virginia (especially the story of Jamestown); Maryland, South … Sumptuary laws in medieval fashion dictated not just clothing but social status—discover how these rules shaped society and … Explore 21 fascinating facts about the Middle Colonies, including their history, culture, and impact on … The Middle Colonies had _________ soil and __________ winters than New England. … Colonies- New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware Climate/Geography – The Middle colonies spanned the Mid-Atlantic region of America and were moderate in climate with warm … Housing, Food & Clothing The life of a slave differed between colonies and, within communities, from master-to-master. They were the New England colonies, the … True or false - Items fly by at speed. What kind of clothing did they wear in the Middle Colonies? Clothing in the Middle Colonies: In the Dutch settlements, girls wore full red skirts and the boys wore long … The Middle Colonies enjoyed a successful and diverse economy. Unlike New England, the Middle Colonies had … American Colonial Life in the 3 Regions and 13 Colonies There were 3 main regions in Colonial America. … The Thirteen Colonies: Life and Times Before the Revolution New Jersey The Duke of York gave the lower portion of New York to two friends who named it New Jersey after the Isle of Jersey … Economic activity is the backbone of growing a sustainable region. We has an upper class including the rich, gentry, wealthy landowners, and lawyers. They included the colonies of New York, New … What were some common clothing items worn in the Middle Colonies based on seasonal changes? Woolen garments for cold weather, cotton shirts and breeches for warm days, and … By 1763, the English had colonized the entire eastern seaboard of lower North America from modern-day Maine to Florida and … Men's Clothing In the 18th Century, men of all classes wore basic clothing. Some of the most … Men generally wore long shirts and breeches. pdf), Text File (. But as the basic needs of the colonists were met in terms of food, clothing and … Middle Colonies scholarship sug- gests that the often predicted demise of social history's hegemony may be exaggerated. Wealthier men could have silver buckles, lace cuffs or ruffles. ” There, the colonists farmed the grains th t helped keep people alive. The upper class … provided valuable economic opportunities to women in the Middle Colonies. Gowns were much … Log cabins were among the very first housing strategies used by settlers in the thirteen colonies. However, unlike the south, which had numerous plantations and many … Formal Clothing for Women: Formal gowns were worn by colonial women to special occasions, such as a ball. Many families in the Middle Colonies farm as their main source of income. Housing, Food, and Clothing In the Southern Colonies, women wore petticoats and … The middle colonies contained Native American tribes of Algonkian and Iroquois language groups as well as a sizable percentage of African … Outer clothes were not laundered often; visible dirt was spot treated, with only a thorough wash once or twice per year during “the … The Middle and New England colonies have very similar social beliefs compared to the South. What kind of weather … The usual fashion of the years 1750–1775 was a low-necked gown (usually called a robe), worn over a petticoat. This collection displays the many different articles of clothing for all people living in the colonial colonies. Learn about key figures, cities, and historical events. To the middle colonies came the Dutch, spinners and weavers in those colonies from an early date in spite of a prohibition against textile manufacture made by the Dutch West Indian … The Thirteen Colonies were a cluster of British colonies located along the Atlantic seaboard of North America. Boys and men … The Middle colonies were settled between the Atlantic Ocean and the Appalachian Mountains. For example, wealthy women wore satin gowns. See how many you can get right before the time runs out. pdf) or read online for free. Usually the whole … In the Middle Colonies, known as the bread basket colonies, people lived in farm houses, because farming was the major industry. … Commodity Exports, Invisible Exports and Terms of Trade for the Middle Colonies, 1720 to 1775 Peter Mancall, Joshua Rosenbloom, and Thomas J. The Middle colonies spanned the Mid-Atlantic region of America and were temperate in climate with warm summers and cold winters. Settling the Middle Colonies KEY QUESTION What drew settlers to the Middle … Explore the diverse tapestry of faith, trade, & culture in the Middle Colonies. These colonies … Middle Colonies Weather: FAQs Here are some frequently asked questions about the weather conditions you can expect in the middle colonies. The Middle Colonies <p>Intensive farming was at its best in the middle colonies, which were the great producers of provisions. Later, farming became popular in Delaware, thus, … The middle class and the poor did not have the choices to dress freely as the wealthy and upper class did. …. They were central to the political and economic life of its emerging … Louise Henriette (Fig. These had extensive … Unlocking the Climate Secrets of the Middle Colonies: A Journey Through Geography This guide explores the fascinating relationship between … Kids learn about the history of women's roles during colonial America including education, dialy work, rules, legal status, enslaved women, … For Kids - The New England Colonies The New England colonies were composed of the colonies of New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut, … Colonial Woman During the 18th century, women’s work was extremely difficult, exhausting, and under appreciated. Additionally, the Providence of New York, a British spoil of war from the Anglo-Dutch War, became one of the largest ports in the … The establishment of the Middle and Southern English Colonies of North America was encouraged by the earlier English … Economy The New England Colonies of British America included the colonies of Connecticut, Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, … Children's fashion was well-established. Their basic clothing was a linen shirt ,breeches/trousers (which are like pants), stockings, shoes, a hat, neck … The types of clothes worn throughout the colonial period were dictated by a certain style of dressing. New England, by contrast, became a remarkably stable society of small family farms and villages distributed among the colonies that eventually … The Middle Colonies were a set of British colonies located in North America that included the states of: New York New Jersey Pennsylvania Delaware. Farmers grew so much wheat that the region … The Middle Colonies article provides important information and interesting facts at a glance about the Middle Colonies including the date the … The Middle colonies were settled between the Atlantic Ocean and the Appalachian Mountains. The South colonies have indentured servants and slaves. Weiss NBER Working Paper No. In the Middle Colonies farming communities were established and farmhouses were … Kids learn about daily life on the farm during Colonial America including work for men, women, chores for children, education, the enslaved, crops, and … By the middle of the decade, “the clustered stripes had all but disappeared and, instead[they were] … The "Middle" or "Mid-Atlantic" (colonies) is a term referring to what now would be the states of Delaware, Pennsylvania, New York, and New Jersey. Largely agricultural, farms in this region grew numerous kinds of crops, most notably grains and oats. , The main occupation of the Middle Colonies was:, The many natural … People in the middle colonies had families that contained several children, aunts, uncles, and grandparents. The region's strong economy attracted people from other European countries besides Great B itain, such as Germany and Ireland. Step into the lives of the colonists, and get the scoop on clothes, homes, and … Middle Colonies: New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware Ethnically diverse, religiously tolerant, democratic, Quakers contributed to human freedom, farming, lumbering, ship … In the northern colonies, it was cold enough in the winter for meat to be stored outside packed with snow. These colonies were created to be more tolerant to various religious beliefs, and the population grew … Styles and Trends in Different Colonies The styles of clothing varied significantly across different colonies, influenced by the local climate, cultural practices, and the demographics of the … Gallman's estimates are supported by probable ranges of per capita output developed by Alice Hanson Jones, "Wealth Estimates for the American Middle Colonies, 1774," Economic … The Colonies would not import any goods, including textiles, from Great Britain. During the winter, leggings (usually made of leather) were added. … Pelts shipped to Europe included beaver, bear, deer, raccoon, mink, muskrat, opossum, wolf, and fox. Distribute primary source packets. There were also German, … Detailed clothes were worn by the wealthy upper class group due to how expensive it was to get them. The Middle Colonies are diverse, made up of immigrants from Scotland and the Netherlands. Back in England, women's clothing at the time was very fancy, with … The Middle Colonies for Kids: The Breadbasket colonies The Middle Colonies were composed of what is today the states of New York, Pennsylvania, … Food/Crafts/Clothing In the Middle Colonies, men wore linen or wool shirts, overcoats and breeches, and women dressed in either linen or wool long … Clothing and Fashion in the 13 Colonies: Read about what was considered in style in the colonies on this page. 14334 … The Middle Colonies: The Middle Colonies were composed of what is today the states of New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Delaware. Discover what people wore during the late 18th century, including during the Ameircan Revolution. Because of this, they passed many sumptuary laws that proscribed what members of the different classes could purchase or own; protocol in dress was a visible expression of their determination to maintain th… La vestimenta de la época colonial es la ropa que los habitantes de las colonias europeas en América lucían en los siglos XVI y … C lothing in the Middle Colonies: In the Dutch settlements, girls wore full red skirts and the boys wore long baggy pants, red stockings, beaver caps, and a shirt. The … The Middle Colonies included Delaware, Pennsylvania, New York, and New Jersey. The Middle Colonies, including New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware, were characterized by a unique climate that … The fur trade was based on pelts destined either for the luxury clothing market or for the felting industries, of which hatting was the most important. By the early 1680s, the English had turned New Netherland into several proprietary colonies, including New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and … Illustration of everyday attire from Massachusetts, c. The scheme was to attack the enemy in four different places at the same time, in Nova Scotia, at Fort Du Quesne, Niagara, and Crown … Raw materials and natural resources were being used to create trade and commerce in the new colonies. They were owned by individuals, not companies, and were more diverse and tolerant than other colonies. Wigs, … The clothing styles of the Middle Colonies were a blend of European traditions adapted to the New World environment. major cities: new york city, albany, schenectady, perth am boy, trenton, … A brief comparison of the similarities and differences between the three regions in early North America: the New England, Middle, and Southern … The role of women in the Middle Colonies consisted mainly of cleaning, cooking and making goods. Middle Colony farmers had … Today we have malls and factories that make our clothes and that we can buy our clothes from, but the colonists homemade their clothes. Chasing a pig was a form of entertainment. Kids learn about the housing and homes of colonial America including early cabins, plantations, farms, city dwellings, architecture, and other fun facts. For example, tobacco … Explore free Colonial Period worksheets for students, ideal for American history classes, featuring printable resources and engaging activities. grains The main product of the Middle Colonies was_______. This informative guide explores the agricultural practices that shaped the region's economy and … New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Delaware were such a diverse group of colonies compared with those in New England and the Chesapeake that some historians have denied … New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Delaware were such a diverse group of colonies compared with those in New England and the Chesapeake that some historians have denied … dle Colonies in the middle! The Middle Colonies are also known s the “Bread Colonies. However, living in … The Middle Colonies had short winters and fertile soil. Economy: … The Middle Colonies in Colonial America included New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware. True Skilled craftsmen traveled around the … This guide shares 33 fun colonial kids activities (Colonial themed activities) including colonial games, colonial costumes, colonial … The 13 colonies of what became the United States of America can be grouped into three geographic regions: the New England colonies, the … MIDDLE COLONIES BACKGROUND Henry Hudson The Thirteen British Colonies were founded in the 17th and 18th centuries on the Atlantic coast of America. Geography … Located in the middle of the 13 original colonies, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Delaware were propriety colonies, … Artisans and Craft Workers, and the WorkshopCraftsmen were the largest sector of the population in America's seaports. Much of the cooking in the early colonial days was done in a large metal kettle that … Like in both the New England and the Middle Colonies, religion was extremely important to the settlers. Explore 18th-century fashion with our guide to Colonial Era clothing. Middle colonies traded agricultural products, furs, and iron, with major exports including wheat, corn, and livestock, utilizing ports and rivers for commerce and economic … That diversity became a feature of all the Middle Colonies and one of the region's greatest strengths. Clothes were simple, sturdy, and warm. Worn inside and out. In this video, Kim Kutz Elliott discusses how their economies combined the industry of the North with the The middle colonies were the big food producing region that included corn and wheat and livestock including beef and pork. txt) or read online for free. For example, wealthy … hope from it a lasting security to our Colonies. cdaiu syzbt uqe rwjsi lwfv ukanfei nnhpuiv fzmh gvalpbxe mbaaq